Evaluating Rasmussen s Policies Of Academic Integrity

When reviewing Rasmussen’s policies of academic integrity, the first very important step is to ensure that each student is informed as well as equipped to take on the assignments that are asked of them. As the instructor, it is important to continually make sure expectations are placed before the students in a clear, understandable, and attainable manner. Additionally, that resources are made available to help them meet these expectations. The initial gut reaction to the quality of Bridget’s assignments would be of shock and slightly insulted. Considering her performance previously in class, this action from Bridget I would assume would have been taken out of desperation. What is believed could possibly account for her action are several situations. These situations could include, but not limited to, lack of time management, lack of understanding, fear of the grade that she may ultimately receive in the class with the previous mediocre quality, also simply not wanting to do the work. Additionally, there could have been a family situation that resulted in Bridget not be able to complete the work. For these reasons continually interaction with the students is very important. As the adjunct, through interaction with this student it will be easier to determine the intention of Bridget. Considering that it stats in the Rasmussen SOP â€Å"Do NOT communicate to the student that they have been accused of an Academic Integrity Violation†, there will be limited to no communication withShow MoreRelatedEvaluating Rasmussen s Policies On Academic Integrity757 Words   |  4 PagesWhen reviewing Rasmussen’s policies on academic integrity, a exceptionally important step is to ensure that each student is informed as well as equipped to take on the assignments that are asked of them. As the instructor, expectations must be communicated in a clear, understandable, and attainable manner. Additionally, resources are made available to help students meet these expectations. The initial gut reaction to the quality of Bridget’s assignments is shock and slightly insulted. Considering

African Americans The Black Codes, And The Jim Crow Laws

By the turn of the 20th century, African Americans who were once slave, less than 50 years ago were now full pledge citizens who can vote and exercise their rights as Americans. Reconstructive efforts were issued to aid the newly emancipated black population, more several in the south. Programs such as the Freedman’s Bureau, provided free blacks and poor white with food, housing, schooling and medical assistance in attempts for a better transition. However, freed blacks were met with challenges with discrimination and segregation among their white societals. These challenges came in forms of locally organized laws such as the Black Codes, and the Jim Crow Laws. When those barriers were challenged or wasn’t doing enough, violence is referred to in the epidemic of lyncing. African Americans endured these hardships under restrictions both socially and economically as blacks had little non economic mobility. Majority of the black population were sharecroppers, household per sonnel and many were also illiterate. Not only did African Americans suffered socially and economically but politically as well. Numerous cases are brought to the courts to exercise their rights as citizen but were often shut down. The 1896, Plessy v. Fergusson, voted in favor of segregation; as long as they are equal in what is being offered. But a break was in for the African Americans to move north. The industrial cities of NY and Philly have already attracted African Americans prior and in the year 1914,Show MoreRelatedHow Black Codes And Jim Crow Laws1605 Words   |  7 PagesHow Black Codes Led to Jim Crow Laws What I Already Knew and What I Wanted to Know For my research topic I chose â€Å"Black Codes and Jim Crow Laws.† I chose this topic because I have heard about Jim Crow Laws many times through television, books, and history classes but never in depth. I wanted to know more about the topic, along with black codes, which I have never heard about and didn’t know existed. Choosing this topic allowed me to gain more knowledge on both of these topics. Before this paperRead MoreEffects Of Jim Crow Laws813 Words   |  4 Pages The Jim Crow laws were statutes enacted by Southern States, beginning in the late 1870s in early 1880s, the legalized segregation between African Americans and whites. The Jim Crow laws restricted the rights of African-Americans to use public facilities, schools, to vote, to find decent employment, basically excluding African-Americans from existing their rights as citizens of the United States. Racial discrimination may have been most well known as a southerner state to chew ation, but in realityRead MoreBlack Codes And Jim Crow944 Words   |  4 PagesBlack Codes and Jim Crow â€Å"For the next several decades, at least, we will suffer this racial future of colorblind white dominance† Ian Haney-Là ³pez argues in his book White by Law, however America today, though colorblind as America may be, is in a much better place than the times of the Black Codes and Jim Crow laws. These laws restricted the freedoms of African Americans living in the United States that just became free men and women after the turn of the Civil War. The Black Codes were laws passedRead MoreJim Crow And Racial Segregation1205 Words   |  5 PagesJim Crow era was a time of struggle for all African Americans. White supremacy and discrimination was established by Jim Crow laws that lasted from the end of Reconstruction until the 1960’s. The laws caused African Americans to be at a disadvantage politically and economically. Jim Crow is defined as a minstrel show character whose name became synonymous with racial segregation (Foner). A man of the name Thomas Rice created the character Jim Crow. He was a white entertainer who would imitateRead MoreThe Middle Age African American Man1285 Words   |  6 Pages- a middle-age African-American man is not eligible to vote. This man’s father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and great-great grandfather shared the same misfortune during their lifetime. The original patriarch could not vote as a slave, his son was beaten by the Ku Klux Klan for trying to vote, the grandson was intimidated by the Ku Klux Klan for trying to vote, and the great-grandson was prohibited from voting by poll taxes and literacy tests. The middle-age African-American man cannot voteRead MoreThe Freedom And Full Citizenship Of All African Americans907 Words   |  4 Pagesfreedom and full citizenship of all African Americans. During the time of the civil war and reconstruction p eriod constitutional and social developments moderately influenced a revolution. The 13th- 15th amendments influenced constitutionally. Socially, Freedmen’s Bureau, Ku Klux Klan and Jim Crow laws countervailed a revolution. Constitutional developments influenced a revolution because of 13th-15th amendments, these amendments freed all slaves, gave African Americans civil rights and the right toRead MoreAs Far as the Crow Flies731 Words   |  3 Pageshistorical events Mississippi will long be known for is slavery, Jim Crow Laws, and the murder of Emmett Till. Slavery began in Mississippi before it became a state and the majority of its existence relied on the free labor of African-Americans. Jim Crow Laws enforced segregation between African-Americans and Whites in Mississippi following the end of slavery. Emmett Till was an unfortunate casualty of unknowingly going against the laws of segregation in the South. Slavery in Mississippi went throughRead MoreJim Crow Laws Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesComedy performer Thomas â€Å"Jim Crow† Rice coined the term â€Å"Jim Crow† through his derogatory minstrel shows in which danced and sang in an offensive way towards African Americans while covered in black shoe polish. Even though Rice was only trying to entertain his audience, his performances suggested that all African Americans were ignorant useless buffoons Rice’s performances were so derogatory towards African Americans that they removed signs of humanity from them and caused people to become lessRead MoreThe New Jim Crow Law1014 Words   |  5 Pagesnet of laws, policies, and rules that equates to the American criminal justice system. This series of principles of our legal system works as an entrance to a lifelong position of lower status, with no hope of advancement. Mass incarceration follows those who are released from prison through exclusion and legalized disc rimination, hidden within America. The New Jim Crow is a modernized version of the original Jim Crow Laws. It is a modern racial caste system designed to keep American black men andRead MoreHow Do You Account for the Failure of Reconstruction to Bring Social and Economic Equality of Opportunity to the Former Slaves766 Words   |  4 Pagesdid not bring social and economic equality to former slaves in the south because of things like the Jim Crow laws and the South’s strong disproval of the outcome of the war. After the Civil War, several amendments were passed which granted black Americans the right of citizenship and the abolishment of slavery. The south eventually came up with ways around slavery like sharecropping, Jim Crow Laws, and white supremacist like the KKK. After the civil war was over the southern farmers had to come

Essay on The Civil Rights Movement - 1708 Words

The civil rights movement comprised efforts of grassroots activists and national leaders to obtain for African Americans the basic rights guaranteed to American citizens in the Constitution. The key players in succeeding with the civil rights movement were the soldiers returning from the war, Martin Luther King Jr, Malcolm X, The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and the anti-Vietnam War activists. During the civil rights movement, nearly every African American had experienced segregation at lunch stands. In a Journal by Melvin Small, she stated, â€Å"Just as with the segregated buses in Montgomery, Alabama the African-American community, especially the segment of college students, had once again reached its saturation†¦show more content†¦College students and lower grade black students helped to stand up against the racial cruelty. Although the war was taking place, students across the nation took advantage of it by protesting nonviolent for justice. This was just a small piece of the puzzle for justice in the United States because the black soldiers played an even bigger role in the success of the movement. Soldiers of WWII had a substantial impact on the civil rights movement. In the book, A Breath of Freedom, it stated, â€Å"During World War II the African American population pushed for equality and integration of the United States military, which, at the time, remained in accordance with the culture and customs of the white majority by keeping the two races segregated (Hà ¶hn).† The term, separate but equal, made famous by the United States Supreme Court case Plessy vs. Ferguson remained instantiated as the law to abide by in reference to racial policy (Hà ¶hn). This concept of keeping both races segregated had permeated across the United States and was the prominent view of most white citizens during this period. Segregation was seen from a white point-of-view as a way for both races to live within the society without racial conflict and tension. Separation of blacks and whites stretched across all societal institutions, including the United States Military. During the clo sing years of World War II and increasingly thereafter, African American GIs (Government Issued) complainedShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Civil Rights Movement1179 Words   |  5 Pagessegregations. Out of the numerous elements that arose in the 1960s, there are three movements that truly affected the American society. Firstly, the rise of the civil rights movement was greatly influenced by racial discrimination of colored people in the South. Secondly, the women’s movement aimed to convince the society that women are capable of achieving and maintaining higher waged job like males. Lastly, the gay rights movement aimed to gain acceptance and stop discrimination of homosexuality. 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Even though at the time they were considered free, they were often criticized and discriminated against. Finally, shootings, brutality, and unfair treatment were enough. In an effort to end racial segregation and discrimination against African-Americans all over the country, they took a stand. This was known as the Civil Rights Movement. There were many interesting events that cause d this movement. The three main causes thatRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement â€Å"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.† This was a speech by Martin Luther King Jr. Even one hundred years after slavery was banned, African Americans were still being treated unfairly. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the most famous leaders of the Civil Rights movement in the 1960’s. 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Corynebacterium Diphtheriae Infections †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Corynebacterium Diphtheriae Infections. Answer: Introduction: Once upon a time, when the world was still dealing with other deadly pathogens, troubling humankind with respiratory tract related diseases, a new contender was preparing to steal the show with its antics management. I had the honour of causing one of the widely known infectious diseases, Diphtheria. May be it is not entirely necessary, but the opening credits of my story needs to be handed down to Edwin Klebs (Farfour et al., 2012). In the year 1883, he had made the effort of introducing me to the world as the causative organism for the disease Diphtheria, popularly known as the strangling angel of children (Byard, 2013). Now that was some fancy name. However, only limited imagination leads to some name like Corynebacterium diphtheriae. I cannot entirely blame them given that the word Diphther has Greek origin, which stands for membrane (Goldman and Green, 2014). I was isolated from the pseudo membrane in the pharynx, which was a resultant of the necrotic toxin that I am able to pro duce (Goldman and Green, 2014). Well, the family needs a mention here and therefore a rough outline has been drawn in figure 1 to typically portray my heredity. Before humanity wipes my name from the face of Earth, maybe it is time that I should present myself, tell my story in my own words, my glorified days of terror. My popularity was extremely short lived, thanks to Freidrich Loeffler (Doyle et al., 2017). Yes, this man decided to end my tyranny in the year 1884 by spilling my secrets in front of the whole world. He had discovered that I could be cultured only from the nasopharyngeal cavity (Burkovski, 2016). He was also responsible for revealing my secret potent weapon to the world, the diphtheria toxin. He had stated that the toxin was capable of causing damage to organs. I was too sure about myself; I knew I could terrorize the world a little longer. Then it was not very long when Emil von Behring, in the year 1890, brought my terror to a standstill when he landed up isolating the antitoxin against diphtheria from blood samples, collected from a horse infected with diphtheria (Gillespie, Bamford and Bamford, 2012). He was also responsible for developing the first vaccine in the year 1913 against the diphtheria toxin (Burkovski, 2014). My brothers in arms, Corynebacterium ulcerans and Coryneba cterium pseudotuberculosis, are also able to produce the diphtheria toxin (de Mattos et al., 2014). However, the process of infecting the host, which may consist of both human and animal, greatly differs from mine. I have been known to be a Gram-positive organism, and I am known to be aerobic in nature (Gillespie, 2014). I am non-motile and do not have a capsule, however, I am club shaped. Figure 2 somewhat depicts me in my true form, however, I beg to differ. I am more glorified in appearance that just a rod-shaped bacilli on a microscopic field. My cell wall consists of sugars such as arabinose, mannose and galactose. My favourite source of nutrition happens to be nicotinic and patothenic acids (Reardon-Robinson et al., 2015). Based on the biochemical properties that I possess, I can be described as gravis, mitis, intermedius and belfanti (Clinton et al., 2013). I am known to cause the disease diphtheria, an infectious disease, which is transmitted through respiratory droplets. I locally colonize the mucosa of several anatomical sites within the body of the host, they include, pharyngeal, laryngeal, umbilical, genital, nasal, cutaneous, conjunctival (Zasada, 2013). The pharynx and larynx are my favourite spots for manifestation and therefore on colonization management, necrotic membranes appear that are either grey, translucent or black in colour. The pseudomembrane that I form consists mainly of fibrin, inflammatory cells. The colonization also results in the enlargement of the lymph nodes, which restricts swallowing, and breathing by the host as the lumen of the larynx and pharynx narrows (Sangal et al., 2015). The size of the neck increases too. My potent weapon of destruction, the toxin is able to damage the fibres of the cardiac muscle resulting in the blockage of the heart (Peixoto et al., 2014). My toxin is even capable of demyelinating the nerves, paralysing the palate and the ocular muscles (Gillespie, Bamford and Bamford, 2012). My infamous toxin consists of two fragments, namely N-terminal fragment A and a fragment B (Cohen and Van Heyningen, 2012). The N-terminal fragment A is known as the catalytic domain and it is responsible in catalyzing the NAD+ dependent ADP- ribolysation of EF2. This spews trouble for the eukaryotic cells as the protein synthesis is inhibited (Sekura, 2012). On the other hand, fragment B consists of the transmembrane and receptor binding domains that are responsible f or helping me bind to the cell surface receptor and helps me in delivering the fragment A into the cytosol (Sekura, 2012). I like the extent of destruction I am able to cause. The extent of fatality the toxin can bring about, as little as 100-150 ng/kg of body weight rather makes me giddy. However, the penny had just dropped and I had soon realized my limitations. The life threatening effect of my toxin can be easily neutralized with an antitoxin. The swift application of the diphtheria antitoxin (DAT) along with a conjunct antibiotic therapy happens to cure the people (Both et al., 2014). Now that was some serious bad news for me. I must admit, it was a very difficult job to maintain the top spot in being a respiratory tract related disease-causing pathogen. With the combating solutions being devised by humanity, it was getting difficult to keep up. Efficient and methodical immunization programs have helped several developed countries to control me. However, nobody could save them from my wrath for very long. I have happened to make a grand entry in the scene by terrorizing the eastern European countries in my wake (Wagner et al., 2012). These countries are some of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. Due to the resultant collapse of the immunization programs, the risk of occurrence of diphtheria has increased in these parts. Now that is one bit of good news for me. As long as humanity does not devise improved DATs, I will keep coming back. After all, it is an expensive process and therefore it is not even available in adequate quantity for every individual. There are only very few places in the world that manufacture these drugs. Popularly known producers of DAT are Microgen (Moscow) and Vins Bioproducts (Hyderabad) (Zasada, 2015). I should be worried if the preclinical studies involving the Anti-diphtheria monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) become successful (Sevigny et al., 2013). PCR-based diagnostic methods can also prove to be a headache (Both et al., 2013). It will get difficult to pose as a health threat henceforth. The immunization program of DTP3 vaccination among infants as seen in the year 2016 has been shown in the figure 3. Funny, they only realized the emergency when they found the number of infected to rise. I was feeling important all over again. Over the years, several improved detection methods for the detection of the diphtheria toxin has been developed. Worrisome, thoroughly worrisome for me as one can see. Methods such as Immunochromatographic strip test (ICS), Cytotoxicity test, Matrix-assisted-laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and Elek ouchterlony test management (Berger et al., 2014). Then I do not think I will be able to continue this for very long. Figure 4 seem to show the reduction in the reported cases of diphtheria over years stretching from 1980 to 2016. Human beings are snooping into my genetic makeup and are working towards the molecular basis that defines my pathogenicity (Both et al., 2015). If appropriate typing methods could be used then even the epidemics could also be predicted. Oh, how terribly it can spell disaster for me. MLST (Multi Locus Sequence Typing) has been able to avoid several limitations faced by previous researchers by analyzing the information related to the nucleotide within the selected housekeeping genes (Both et al., 2015). Then there are these groups of people, dedicated towards a pangenomics project, which might just help me, get a bigger place on the evolution map as a human pathogen (Trost et al., 2012). My days might just finally be over if humankind succeeds to establish it. The epidemiology and the pathogenesis of my non-t oxigenic strains have to be thoroughly studied though. Until then I do not wish to bid adieu and continue in living up to my reputation of being a hellion. References: Berger, A., Hogardt, M., Konrad, R. and Sing, A., 2014. Detection methods for laboratory diagnosis of diphtheria. InCorynebacterium diphtheriae and related toxigenic species(pp. 171-205). Springer Netherlands. Both, L., Banyard, A.C., van Dolleweerd, C., Wright, E., Ma, J.K.C. and Fooks, A.R., 2013. Monoclonal antibodies for prophylactic and therapeutic use against viral infections.Vaccine,31(12), pp.1553-1559. Both, L., Collins, S., de Zoysa, A., White, J., Mandal, S. and Efstratiou, A., 2015. Molecular and epidemiological review of toxigenic diphtheria infections in England between 2007 and 2013.Journal of clinical microbiology,53(2), pp.567-572. Both, L., White, J., Mandal, S. and Efstratiou, A., 2014. Access to diphtheria antitoxin for therapy and diagnostics.Euro Surveill,19(24), pp.2-2. Burkovski, A., 2014. Diphtheria and its etiological agents. InCorynebacterium diphtheriae and Related Toxigenic Species(pp. 1-14). Springer Netherlands. Burkovski, A., 2016.Corynebacterium diphtheriae and related toxigenic species. Springer. Byard, R.W., 2013. DiphtheriaThe strangling angelof children.Journal of forensic and legal medicine,20(2), pp.65-68. Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC). Diphtheria. https://www.cdc.gov/diphtheria/about/photos.html [Accessed on 29th Aug 2017] Clinton, L.K., Bankowski, M.J., Shimasaki, T., Sae-Ow, W., Whelen, A.C., O'Connor, N., Kim, W. and Young, R., 2013. Culture-negative prosthetic valve endocarditis with concomitant septicemia due to a nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae biotype Gravis isolate in a patient with multiple risk factors.Journal of clinical microbiology,51(11), pp.3900-3902. Cohen, P. and Van Heyningen, S. eds., 2012.Molecular action of toxins and viruses(Vol. 2). Elsevier. Collins, M.D. and Cummins, C.S., 1986. Genus Corynebacterium.Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology,2, pp.1266-1276. de Mattos Guaraldi, A.L., Hirata, J.R. and de Carvalho Azevedo, V.A., 2014. Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosisGeneral aspects. InCorynebacterium Diphtheriae and Related Toxigenic Species(pp. 15-37). Springer Netherlands. Doyle, C.J., Mazins, A., Graham, R.M., Fang, N.X., Smith, H.V. and Jennison, A.V., 2017. Sequence Analysis of Toxin GeneBearing Corynebacterium diphtheriae Strains, Australia.Emerging infectious diseases,23(1), p.105. Farfour, E., Badell, E., Zasada, A., Hotzel, H., Tomaso, H., Guillot, S. and Guiso, N., 2012. Characterization and comparison of invasive Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from France and Poland.Journal of clinical microbiology,50(1), pp.173-175. Gillespie, S., Bamford, K. and Bamford, K.B., 2012.Medical microbiology and infection at a glance. John Wiley Sons. Gillespie, S.H., 2014.Medical microbiology illustrated. Butterworth-Heinemann. Goldman, E. and Green, L.H. eds., 2015.Practical handbook of microbiology. CRC Press. Peixoto, R.S., Pereira, G.A., dos Santos, L.S., Rocha-de-Souza, C.M., Gomes, D.L.R., dos Santos, C.S., Werneck, L.M.C., de Oliveira, A.A.D.S., Hirata Jr, R., Nagao, P.E. and Mattos-Guaraldi, A.L., 2014. Invasion of endothelial cells and arthritogenic potential of endocarditis-associated Corynebacterium diphtheriae.Microbiology,160(3), pp.537-546. Reardon?Robinson, M.E., Osipiuk, J., Jooya, N., Chang, C., Joachimiak, A., Das, A. and Ton?That, H., 2015. A thiol?disulfide oxidoreductase of the Gram?positive pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae is essential for viability, pilus assembly, toxin production and virulence.Molecular microbiology,98(6), pp.1037-1050. Sekura, R. ed., 2012.Pertussis toxin. Elsevier. Sangal, V., Blom, J., Sutcliffe, I.C., von Hunolstein, C., Burkovski, A. and Hoskisson, P.A., 2015. Adherence and invasive properties of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains correlates with the predicted membrane-associated and secreted proteome.BMC genomics,16(1), p.765. Sevigny, L.M., Booth, B.J., Rowley, K.J., Leav, B.A., Cheslock, P.S., Garrity, K.A., Sloan, S.E., Thomas, W., Babcock, G.J. and Wang, Y., 2013. Identification of a human monoclonal antibody to replace equine diphtheria antitoxin for treatment of diphtheria intoxication.Infection and immunity,81(11), pp.3992-4000. Trost, E., Blom, J., de Castro Soares, S., Huang, I.H., Al-Dilaimi, A., Schrder, J., Jaenicke, S., Dorella, F.A., Rocha, F.S., Miyoshi, A. and Azevedo, V., 2012. Pangenomic study of Corynebacterium diphtheriae that provides insights into the genomic diversity of pathogenic isolates from cases of classical diphtheria, endocarditis, and pneumonia.Journal of bacteriology,194(12), pp.3199-3215. Wagner, K.S., White, J.M., Lucenko, I., Mercer, D., Crowcroft, N.S., Neal, S., Efstratiou, A. and Diphtheria Surveillance Network, 2012. Diphtheria in the postepidemic period, Europe, 20002009.Emerging infectious diseases,18(2), p.217. World Health Organization (WHO). Immunization Surveillance, assessment and monitoring. https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/burden/diphtheria/en/ [Accessed on 29th Aug 2017] Zasada, A.A., 2013. Nontoxigenic highly pathogenic clone of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Poland, 20042012.Emerging infectious diseases,19(11), p.1870. Zasada, A.A., 2015. Corynebacterium diphtheriae infections currently and in the past.Przegl Epidemiol,69, pp.439-444.